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Ocular Manifestations in Individuals With COVID-19 Infection
TAKE-HOME MESSAGE
- This systematic review and meta-analysis of 43 studies revealed that the most common ocular symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection were eye pain, vision loss, orbital swelling, periorbital edema, ptosis, proptosis, and ophthalmoplegia. Conjunctivitis was prevalent (11%) among patients with COVID-19 infection, and extraocular dysmotility, cranial nerve palsies (indicating the need for neurological examination), and retinal microvascular changes were also noted.
- These findings underscore the importance of recognizing the various ocular manifestations of COVID-19 infection to facilitate prompt diagnosis and treatment.
abstract
This abstract is available on the publisher's site.
Access this abstract now Full Text Available for ClinicalKey SubscribersOBJECTIVE
Our study aims to build on our understanding of COVID-19 by detailing a comprehensive look at the prevalence of different ocular manifestations related to COVID-19 infection.
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
Eligible studies published between June 20, 2021, and May 11, 2023, were retrieved from the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases as well as grey literature. Covidence was used to conduct the systematic review. Duplicate records were removed, and 2 independent reviewers screened records for relevance. After screening, a risk-of-bias assessment was carried out. Data were extracted, and a meta-analysis was performed using STATA 14.0. Fixed-effects and random-effects models were computed based on heterogeneity.
RESULTS
Our meta-analysis included 43 articles with a total of 10,572 subjects. The results showed that COVID-19 patients had a significantly higher prevalence of conjunctivitis (effect size [ES] = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.07-0.15), ptosis (ES = 0.22; 95% CI, 0.15-0.30), and ophthalmoplegia (ES = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.06-0.74). Our results also indicate that COVID-19 patients have higher prevalence of cotton wool spots (ES = 0.06; 95% CI, 0.03-0.09), retinal hemorrhages (ES = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.06-0.18), and retinal vein tortuosity (ES = 0.19; 95% CI, 0.09-0.35).
CONCLUSION
COVID-19 can exhibit extrapulmonary manifestations, affecting both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Common anterior-segment findings include conjunctivitis, whereas posterior-segment findings may include cotton wool spots, retinal hemorrhages, and retinal vein tortuosity. Improving our understanding of the ocular manifestations of COVID-19 has the potential to facilitate quicker diagnosis and subsequent treatment.
Additional Info
Ocular manifestations of COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis
Can J Ophthalmol 2023 Sep 05;[EPub Ahead of Print], E Tran, V Phu, R Xu, A Teoderascu, M Aly, N Shah, MS Malvankar-MehtaFrom MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.